Your skeptical of anything that disproves your theory,
The bigger header pipes started in 2012, this test was Jan 2011 , I just measured my header (ZX 14 2008) and the od is 1.5 "
If you think 3hp is meaningless you have never raced anything but your finger tips
No after market muffler could be more restrictive than stock , hence higher performance .
I've been drag racing outboard drag boats for 20 years , one of their classes is called Lake Racer , they have many motors that one could use , they keep everyone equal by weight
After the race the top 4 boats get weighed with the driver in the boat, believe me 10 pounds is a big deal even at a total weight of 1,540 lb.
I have been DQed because I was 1 pound under.
I use the two brothers cans because they make three different restrictors , I like quite so I use the most restrictive , but there is two of them so less backpressure .