If I may...
[vehicle dynamics engineer = on]
Let's assume a couple of parameters:
a) car tires and bike tires offer the same tire/surface friction coefficient, say 1.
b) both have brakes powerful enough to block all the wheels in the vehicle
That said, both vehicles will achieve a deceleration of 1 g and brake in similar distance.
Now let's add aerodynamics. A bike produces nearly no downforce, but sporty cars do. This will add braking power to the rear axle, decreasing braking distance. Just like carrying a passenger on a bike.
An extra advantage of the cars is that there is less weight transference to the front axle due to lower CoG and longer wheel base. This optimizes the use of the contact patches, since the curve that characterizes the relationship between the exerted vertical load and longitudinal force that the tire can develop has a
decreasing rate. That is, the more you load the tire, the more longitudinal force it will be able to develop, but with a smaller factor. For example, if you duplicate the vertical load on a tire, it will develop only 1.6 times the braking force, not twice.
[vehicle dynamics engineer = off]
In extreme cases, say a DTM car against an S1000RR, the bike will crush the car in acceleration, but the bike will have to brake sooner and harder at the entry of every curve. The car has a big spoiler in the back that improves braking (so it will brake harder) and increases the speed at which it can take a curve (an F1 car develops 4.5 Gs, no bike can do more than 1.2 Gs), so it also needs to brake less. At the end of some straight the bike will have to brake 300 yards before the curve from 200 mph to 60 mph, while the car will blast past the bike and start braking only 150 yards before the curve from 180 to perhaps 80 mph. Depending on the track, the checkered flag can lean to one vehicle or the other...